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AWRCOS
Adaptive Water Resilience & Climate Operations in the Southwest
NSF R2I2 - Phase I
Regional Resilience Innovation Incubator
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AWRCOS — Adaptive Water Resilience and Climate Operations in the Southwest

Advancing Climate-Resilient Water Management in the San Joaquin Valley

Starting in the San Joaquin Valley. Built to scale across California.

27,000
Square Miles, San Joaquin Valley
4M+
SJV Residents Impacted
$25B+
Annual SJV Agricultural Output
120 km³
Groundwater Depleted Over a Century

Why the San Joaquin Valley, and Why Now?

The southwestern United States is grappling with escalating water resource management challenges. Droughts are intensifying and snowpack is in long-term decline,1 2 and groundwater reserves that took centuries to fill are being drained faster than they can recover. Nowhere is this more acute than California’s San Joaquin Valley (SJV), which produces over $25 billion in food annually3 and has lost more than 120 km³ of groundwater over the past century.4

AWRCOS is funded through the NSF Regional Resilience Innovation Incubator (R2I2) and based at San Diego State University. Rather than prescribing a fixed set of solutions, the project develops Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways (DAPP) , flexible, community-grounded frameworks for water management that can evolve as conditions, needs, and priorities change. Tools like Forecast-Informed Reservoir Operations (FIRO)5 and Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)6 7 serve as concrete examples of these pathways , tested with local partners, not imposed from outside. All of this work is structured through a Water Oriented Living Lab (WoLL) model built on a Quadruple Helix framework, bringing together academia, government, industry, and communities as equal partners in research, design, and implementation.

Phase I Focus

The San Joaquin Valley is our starting point through 2027. It is a region of critical need, diverse stakeholders, and real urgency, making it the right place to build, test, and refine solutions together.

Our work is being developed in direct alignment with the California Water Plan, ensuring that what we build in the SJV connects to statewide water management priorities from day one.

Long-Term Vision

The tools, frameworks, and partnerships we build here are designed to scale. Our long-term goal is a model for water resilience that works across California and other water-stressed regions.

Our Collaboration Framework

Water Oriented Living Labs (WoLLs)

WoLLs are real-life, water-oriented environments that function as field labs. They bring together water authorities, communities, researchers, and industry to co-create and test solutions grounded in the practical Value of Water.

Field-tested, not just modeled Water agencies + communities + researchers Science meets policy meets practice

Phase I Objectives

Objective 1

How do water extremes and policy failures compound each other?

Water extremes and groundwater loss do not happen in isolation. We are studying how they compound each other, and how policies like SGMA8 add pressure on top of an already stressed system.

Objective 2

What adaptive pathways work for the SJV, and what gets in the way?

Working directly with local water managers, we are identifying and testing adaptive management strategies for flood and drought response. Tools like FIRO and MAR are concrete examples , but a key part of this work is understanding the real barriers to adoption across a broader set of strategies, using a Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways (DAPP) approach.

Objective 3

How do we turn complex forecasts into decisions people can act on?

Climate science is only useful if people can act on it. We are building decision-support tools (DCAIS)9 10 that translate complex forecast data into clear, timely information for water managers, farmers, and policymakers.

Objective 4

Who needs to be at the table for water management to actually change?

Good water management takes more than good science. We are building a network of climate scientists, hydrologists, engineers, social scientists, water agencies, tribal nations, and community members who are working on this problem together.11

Climate & Water Challenges in the Southwest

The San Joaquin Valley is not facing one water problem. It is facing several at once. AWRCOS is designed to work across all of them.

Prolonged Drought
More frequent, longer dry spells depleting surface and groundwater
Extreme Flooding
Intensifying flood events threatening infrastructure and livelihoods12
Declining Snowpack
Reduced snowpack diminishing seasonal water availability
Rising Temperatures
Increased evaporative demand straining already-scarce resources
Policy Pressures
SGMA and other regulations creating complex compliance challenges
Groundwater Depletion
120+ km³ depleted in the SJV, causing land subsidence and vulnerability4

Institutional Partners

AWRCOS is a partnership between universities, federal agencies, and technology companies working across the Southwest.

Meet the Team

NSF Project Director
Richard (Rick) Farnsworth, PhD, PMP
Rick serves as our NSF Project Director, providing program oversight and guidance for the R2I2 Phase I initiative. He brings deep expertise in research translation and innovation ecosystems.
Erfan Goharian, PhD
Erfan Goharian, PhD
Principal Investigator
San Diego State University
Amy Quandt, PhD
Amy Quandt, PhD
Co-Principal Investigator
San Diego State University
Fernando De Sales, PhD
Fernando De Sales, PhD
Co-Principal Investigator
San Diego State University
Helen Dahlke, PhD
Helen Dahlke, PhD
Co-Principal Investigator
UC Davis
Josué Medellín-Azuara, PhD
Josué Medellín-Azuara, PhD
Co-Principal Investigator
UC Merced
Michael Souffront
Michael Souffront, PhD
Industry Partner
Aquaveo, LLC
Corrie Monteverde
Corrie Monteverde, PhD
Researcher & Project Manager
San Diego State University

Events & Workshops

Our kickoff meeting has wrapped. Watch the recording, download the slide deck, and stay tuned for upcoming co-design workshops.

Apr
30

AWRCOS Kickoff Meeting

Thursday, April 30, 2026  ·  12:30 PM - 1:30 PM PST  ·  Zoom (Virtual)

Our first webinar introduced the AWRCOS team, Phase I objectives, and our approach to water resilience in the San Joaquin Valley. Thank you to everyone who joined.

Screenshot from the AWRCOS Kickoff Meeting title slide
TBD

Co-Design Collaboration Workshop: Coming Soon

Date, Time & Location TBD

We are planning our first co-design workshop, where water managers, researchers, community members, and policymakers will work together on the tools and approaches AWRCOS is developing. Dates and format are still being finalized. If you want to be involved, let us know through the survey.

Details Coming Soon Co-Design Workshop

Stakeholder Survey

We want to hear from you. This short survey (about 10 minutes) asks about water challenges in the Central Valley and beyond, what tools and information you currently rely on, what gets in the way of better water management, and how you would like to be involved.

Survey Now Open
Takes about 10 minutes. Questions? Contact Dr. Corrie Monteverde.
Take the Survey ↗
Get In Touch

Let’s Work on This Together

Corrie is the point of contact for AWRCOS. Her inbox is open.

clmonteverde@sdsu.edu